Overview of Myanmar Oil Seed Processing Industry
Myanmar is a significant producer of oil seed crops. Approximately 16 percent of the cultivated area or nearly 7.5 million acres of land are sown with oil crops, which is the third most important crop group in Myanmar agriculture after cereals and pulses. The most extensive and traditional oilseed crop is sesame and the next is peanut also called groundnut . Up to now, it is world’s largest producer of sesame seeds and the yield of sesame seed is above world average level; while groundnut production ranks on the sixth position and for mustard seeds on the third position. However, the qualified oil extracted from the oilseeds is limited which is mainly for domestic use. The oil processing industry is underdeveloped in Myanmar and the reason can attribute to the export prohibition in the early years and the poor development of the oil extraction technology.
Myanmar Has Large Potential for the Development of Oilseed and Vegetable Oil Industry
♦ Sesame seed and sesame oil
Sesame is the most extensively grown oilseed crop in Myanmar. It occupies an estimated 43 percent of the total oil crops plantation area, about 1.6mn hectares, which is the highest among all oil crops in the country. Myanmar leads the world in the production of sesame(around one fifth of the global production), and produces 50 percent more sesame than the next biggest producer, India. In 2009, Myanmar overtook China and India to become the world’s largest sesame producer. The country produced a total of 890,000 tonnes of sesame in 2013, accounting for nearly 20 percent of the global production.
Although Myanmar is the world’s largest sesame producer , its share of global trade is less than three percent. The value added product made from sesame such as sesame oil, sesame paste is seldom exported to foreign market. Besides, there is little international demand for Myanmar’s low quality sesame oil production. Therefor there exist significant profit potential in producing high quality sesame oil production for markets such as Japan, China and Korea. Myanmar’s current oilseed processing technology and infrastructure is simply incapable of producing abundant oilseeds products especially the edible oil to meet the global specifications.
♦ Groundnut and groundnut oil
As for groundnut, Myanmar increased its production of groundnuts at a rather constant pace since 2003. The production increased from 0.9m tonnes in 2003 to 1.4m tonnes in 2013, making it the sixth largest producer of groundnuts in the world. The production value of groundnut accounts for nearly 5 percent of Myanmar’s agriculture GDP and it occupies 24 percent of the oilseeds crops plantation area in the country, which is the second highest among all oilseed crops. The oil content of groundnuts seeds (without pods) is really high around 42-56%, therefor the groundnuts are mainly used for oil extraction and for domestic demand of the edible oil.
Since groundnuts play a very important role in Myanmar’s edible oil industry, its export has been controlled tightly by the government since the late 1980’s and is largely banned. The strict restrictive policy constrain the development of the local oilseeds industries to a large extent.
♦ Current edible oil supply and demand in Myanmar
At present, the annual production of the vegetable oil is around 0.5million ton, and every year there are still 0.35 million tons mainly the palm oil to be imported from foreign countries. With the increasing growing population in recent years, the domestic demand for the edible oil is becoming large. To solve the long-term severe shortage of the edible oil, how to achieve the self-sufficient is a top priority.
The Current Situation of the Myanmar Oil Processing Plant
The majority of oil millers in Myanmar have poor oil making equipment and operate on a small scale. Many small scale oil millers are generally located near the villages and extracted oil for their own consumption by using the traditional processing methods---a male water buffalo “one ox power engine”. The oil drizzles out of the bottom of the oil press machine and collects in the small container just beside the mill operator’s left foot. The peanut meal that remains after grinding process is fed to chickens and oxen. Frankly, this kind of oil processing is time-consuming, low-efficient and the quality can not be guaranteed. Besides, related processing equipment made in Myanmar are out of design which result in the yields of low quality edible oil and cause waste. Many oil millers are aware of the need to update their equipment and increase their production.
How to Extract High Quality Vegetable Oil For Myanmar Oil Processing Industry
Traditional edible oil processing technology has fallen behind the global trend, therefore it’s urgent to update the current edible oil production equipment to improve the productivity.
● For the production of high quality peanut oil
1. Shelling process of peanut
The first step for making peanut oil is to remove the shells of peanuts and separate them from peanut kernels by using automatic peanut shelling machine.
2. Peeling process of peanut kernels
In order to get pure peanut oil, the red skin of peanut kernels should be removed. Antiquated peanut peeling methods can not support the large scale peeling process and it’s labor and time consuming. An advanced peanuts peeling machine is the way to solve this problem. Automatic peanut peeling machine is suitable for many scale business which is specially designed for removing the red skin coat of the peanuts and making the peanuts taste much savorier. And at the same time, automatic peanuts peeling machine keeps the peanut kernels as integral as possible.
3. Roasting process of peanut
In this step, peanuts are roasted in peanut roasting machine. High cooking temperature of peanut roasting machine can make internal oil material move freely and easy to get out. Roasted peanuts have high oil extraction rate and low residual rate.
4. Pressing process of peanut oil
Roasted peanut kernels are pressed by automatic oil press machine which is equipped with automatic temperature control system and oil filtering device to get quality peanut oil.
5. Peanut oil refining process
There are mainly five basic processing steps of peanut refinery: degumming, neutralizing, bleaching, deodorising and dewaxing. Refined peanut oil have bright and pure color and are healthier to people.
● For the production of quality sesame oil
1. Cleaning process of sesame seeds
Before extraction of sesame oil, clean the oilseeds is also significant. Some people argue that cleaning is unnecessary, but actually it is really important. Using clean oilseeds can guarantee high sesame oil output and the quality of the extracted sesame oil. The cleaning process of sesame is taken by sesame cleaning machine, which aims to remove the stones, dusts and any other impurities from the sesame seeds easily and effectively.
2. Roasting process of sesame seeds
After roasting process of sesame roasting machine. After roasted, sesame seeds present pleasant flavor and become crisp and thus the sesame seed oil is palatable.
3. Pressing process of sesame oil
Compared to traditional mill, a high performance seed oil press machine is more helpful. In order to save time, save labor and get high quality sesame oil wih high oil extraction rate, automatic screw oil press is recommended for Myanmar sesame oil mills. Automatic screw oil press machine can squeeze and filter oil at the same time.
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